Hypertension
Hypertension is the pressure that blood vessels receive from the blood flowing inside. Blood is transport to the total body through blood vessels in the heart continually contracting and expanding like a pump. When the heart conventions, BP is highest & when the heart expands, this pressure is lowermost. The two numbers displayed on a blood pressure monitor are systolic Increased blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure.
Hypertension is a disease in which blood pressure remains above the standard value. Increased blood pressure can fluctuate greatly due to exercise, eating, bathing, stress, etc., so BP is not diagnosed with this pressure after a single measurement.
High pressure means that the heart’s ability to pump blood is strengthened, so the heart is under a lot of strain. In addition, exposure to high pressure puts a lot of strain on the blood vessels, which advances arteriosclerosis.
As arteriosclerosis advances, blood pressure tends to become high, so high blood pressure and arteriosclerosis create a vicious cycle that worsens each other, causing various diseases and disorders throughout the body. In particular, the risk of life-threatening diseases such as myocardial infarction, stroke, and kidney failure increases, so it is necessary to start appropriate treatment early and control blood pressure at an appropriate level.
The pervasiveness of high blood heaviness in womankind is on the decline across all age groups, but it is said to be slightly increasing among men over the age of 49. If you are diagnosed with high blood pressure during a health check, please see a doctor as soon as possible.
Causes of hypertension
Hypertension is divided into two indispensable Increased blood pressure and minor hypertension. Essential BP means the reason behind Increased blood pressure is unknown and some experts believe it is the result of genes plus certain lifestyles. Ninthly percentage of people have essential hypertension.
When there is an underlying disease, Raised blood pressure in secondary BP occurs as a sign of the disease. It is often caused by kidney disease or abnormal secretion of hormones that increase blood pressure, and BP can be resolved by treating the underlying disease.
Lifestyle habits related to the development of essential hypertension
- Excessive salt intake
- obesity
- Excessive drinking habits
- Coronary Artery Aneurysm
- Psychological stress
- Dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system
- lack of exercise
- Lack of minerals such as potassium in vegetables and fruits
- smoking
Symptoms and complications of high blood pressure
Although BP generally does not cause any subjective symptoms even if blood pressure remains high, as the risk of complications increases, symptoms such as palpitations, shortness of breath, and swelling of the hands and feet may appear. If you have these symptoms, you may be dealing with the negative consequences of Raised blood pressure .
If Raised blood pressure is ignored despite being symptomless, the disease can progress and might lead to arteriosclerosis, a higher risk of stroke, heart attack, kidney failure and so on. Regular screening, checkups and getting the right treatment are important if abnormalities are found in your blood pressure.
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Arteriosclerosis
Arteries can stretch or contract, but Raised blood pressure for a long time promotes arteriosclerosis and starts to make them less flexible. For this reason, lower elasticity in vessels because of arteriosclerosis means the vessels deal with more pressure which drives high BP and arteriosclerosis to become more serious.
Damaged arteries because of arteriosclerosis are related to an increased chance of heart failure, heart attacks, stroke, inflammation in the kidneys and eyes, aortic disease and more. For these reasons, you should work on your pressure and arteriosclerosis, have routine health checks and remember to live a healthy way.
Brain complications
Strokes, which occur when arteriosclerosis progresses and blood vessels in the brain become narrowed, blocked, or burst, can be divided into cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and transient ischemic attack. Transient ischemic attack is a disease in which symptoms similar to those of cerebral infarction appear for a short period of time and then disappear, and is a dangerous condition that increases the possibility of developing cerebral infarction.
Heart complications
Pressure from BP makes the heart larger and more likely to fail if the condition is not checked. Atherosclerosis raises the threat of angina from the narrowing of arteries in the heart and arteriosclerosis blockages.
Kidney complications
As part of arteriosclerosis, the kidneys may suffer from reduced blood flow and waste buildup which make kidney failure or other issues more likely. If the illness gets worse, patients will need to undergo dialysis.
Eye complications
Problems in the tiny blood vessels in the retina from arteriosclerosis can result in hypertensive retinopathy, retinal hemorrhage and may affect sight or result in blindness.
Vascular complications
Atherosclerosis may result in aortic aneurysm, aortic aneurysm rupture or aortic dissection. Besides, in lower limb arteriosclerosis obliterans and coronary artery disorder which occurs because the leg’s blood vessels become narrowed, visit a doctor if you notice coldness or numbness in your legs, as this could be an early sign.
Treatment for high blood pressure
At first, we emphasize better eating, exercise and living habits, but when that isn’t effective alone, we might use drugs.
Nonpharmacological treatments
Sometimes, mild hypertension can keep BP healthy without the need for drugs. Even while taking medicine, you need to focus on improving your lifestyle, your diet and exercising more. Since it helps the most with daily exercise, it’s important to find a way to do it that feels natural and causes little stress.
Lifestyle changes
You should focus on handling your stress, getting enough rest and a good night’s sleep. Improving your circulation by dealing with chills reduces blood pressure.
stress
Dealing with stress can cause your BP to rise, so schedule enough time for different activities.
Rest & sleep
A lack of restful sleep is likely to increase tiredness, stress and could result in a higher BP level. Even during hectic times, be sure you are getting enough rest and sleep.
Improved blood circulation
Having cold hands or feet raises your blood pressure. Make sure your body is warm whenever possible. Warm baths increase blood flow and help improve your circulation, so it’s good to get in the tub every day, even if the weather is warm. In winter, it’s necessary to keep the changing room at a comfortable temperature to avoid sudden temperature changes. It’s best to change into socks right after your bath to avoid getting too cold. Bath time and water temperature should follow your doctor’s recommendations based on the patient’s condition..
Getting into the habit of light exercise
Arthritis sufferers can stick to light forms of aerobic exercise such as walking, swimming, cycling and aerobics. You don’t have to do strenuous exercise—a heart rate between 100 and 120 while exercising is sufficient. Shoot for 30 minutes every day, but don’t forget that you can also work out 3 to 4 times per week.
Improved eating habits
The basic approach is to control salt, calories, and lipids. This is effective not only for preventing high blood pressure, but also for preventing and improving other lifestyle-related diseases, and can also be expected to have an anti-aging effect.
Reduced salt
If you eat too much salt, your body brings water out of your cells to water down the salt, raising your BP and making your blood thicker. People have a high salt intake, and limiting salt intake often leads to lower blood pressure. The average daily salt intake is about 11-12g, but it is said to be effective to limit salt intake to 8g per day for men and 7g for women. It is easy to progress if you start by focusing on points that are tailored to the patient, such as avoiding processed foods and using spices and herbs effectively.
Calories and fats
Losing weight will normally help lower BP and other common lifestyle diseases in people who are obese. In addition to being obese and having high blood pressure, if you also have diabetes or dyslipidemia (hyperlipidemia), it is especially important to restrict calories and fat intake. . Cut down on animal fats, avoid mayonnaise and fried foods whenever you can and make an effort to eat vegetables, mushrooms, seaweed and a regular balanced meal.
Indulgences and blood pressure
According to many experts, using items such as cigarettes and alcohol can boost your BP considerably.
Smoking
While there are times when smoking doesn’t directly cause high blood pressure, it speeds up thickening of the arteries and restricts blood vessels which increases the risk of heart disease. If you have high blood pressure, smoking could raise your chance of a heart attack or stroke
drinking
Although, most of the time, moderate drinking is safe, heavy drinking raises your blood pressure, may cause dyslipidemia, can lead to diabetes, hyperuricemia and harm your liver.
Drug therapy
Should non-drug management fail, drugs are administered to ensure BP is low and to stop arteriosclerosis and its related problems. Because antihypertensive drugs act differently, doctors choose which ones to prescribe based on the patient’s health and any additional diseases. There are times when a person will be given more than one antihypertensive drug together. Lower BP does not necessarily mean it’s safe to stop or lower the dose of your medication. Always remember to take medicine at the prescribed hour and talk to a doctor about the plan to either decrease or stop the drug.